Role of the beta-chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR5 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of monocytes and microglia.

Role of the b-Chemokine Receptors CCR3 and CCR5 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection of Monocytes and Microglia

Tat protein induces human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coreceptors and promotes infection with both macrophage-tropic and T-lymphotropic HIV-1 strains.

Chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are the primary fusion coreceptors utilized for CD4-mediated entry by macrophage (M)- and T-cell line (T)-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains, respectively. Here we demonstrate that HIV-1 Tat protein, a potent viral transactivator shown to be released as a soluble protein by infected cells, differentially induced CXCR4 and CCR5 expressio...

Frequency of CCR5?32 Variant in North-West of Iran

Chemokine and chemokine receptors show several variations which may affect resistance to infectious disease. A 32 base pair deletion in the open reading frame of the human CCR5 gene (CCR5?32) results in producing a truncated antigen which fails to be presented on the surface of target cells. CCR5?32 variant is not a functional co receptor for HIV-1 entrance and delay the onset of acquired immun...

Chemokine receptors and virus entry in the central nervous system.

Several members of the chemokine receptor family are used as coreceptors together with CD4 for HIV and SIV entry in the central nervous system (CNS). CCR5 is the major coreceptor for HIV-1 infection of macrophages and microglia, the major target cells for HIV-1 infection in the CNS. CXCR4 and CCR3 are also expressed on microglia and can mediate infection by certain HIV-1 isolates but at lower e...

Feline immunodeficiency virus xenoinfection: the role of chemokine receptors and envelope diversity.

The use of chemokine receptors as cell recognition signals is a property common to several lentiviruses, including feline, human, and simian immunodeficiency viruses. Previously, two feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) isolates, V1CSF and Petaluma, were shown to use chemokine receptors in a strain-dependent manner to infect human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) (J. Johnston and C. Pow...